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有時(shí)候使用 Docker Hub 這樣的公共倉(cāng)庫(kù)可能不方便,用戶可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)本地倉(cāng)庫(kù)供私人使用。
本節(jié)介紹如何使用本地倉(cāng)庫(kù)。
docker-registry
是官方提供的工具,可以用于構(gòu)建私有的鏡像倉(cāng)庫(kù)。
在安裝了 Docker 后,可以通過獲取官方 registry 鏡像來運(yùn)行。
$ sudo docker run -d -p 5000:5000 registry
這將使用官方的 registry 鏡像來啟動(dòng)本地的私有倉(cāng)庫(kù)。 用戶可以通過指定參數(shù)來配置私有倉(cāng)庫(kù)位置,例如配置鏡像存儲(chǔ)到 Amazon S3 服務(wù)。
$ sudo docker run \
-e SETTINGS_FLAVOR=s3 \
-e AWS_BUCKET=acme-docker \
-e STORAGE_PATH=/registry \
-e AWS_KEY=AKIAHSHB43HS3J92MXZ \
-e AWS_SECRET=xdDowwlK7TJajV1Y7EoOZrmuPEJlHYcNP2k4j49T \
-e SEARCH_BACKEND=sqlalchemy \
-p 5000:5000 \
registry
`
此外,還可以指定本地路徑(如 /home/user/registry-conf
)下的配置文件。
$ sudo docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /home/user/registry-conf:/registry-conf -e DOCKER_REGISTRY_CONFIG=/registry-conf/config.yml registry
默認(rèn)情況下,倉(cāng)庫(kù)會(huì)被創(chuàng)建在容器的 /tmp/registry
下。可以通過 -v
參數(shù)來將鏡像文件存放在本地的指定路徑。 例如下面的例子將上傳的鏡像放到 /opt/data/registry
目錄。
$ sudo docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/data/registry:/tmp/registry registry
對(duì)于 Ubuntu 或 CentOS 等發(fā)行版,可以直接通過源安裝。
Ubuntu
$ sudo apt-get install -y build-essential python-dev libevent-dev python-pip liblzma-dev
$ sudo pip install docker-registry
$ sudo yum install -y python-devel libevent-devel python-pip gcc xz-devel
$ sudo python-pip install docker-registry
也可以從 docker-registry 項(xiàng)目下載源碼進(jìn)行安裝。
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev libevent-dev python-pip libssl-dev liblzma-dev libffi-dev
$ git clone https://github.com/docker/docker-registry.git
$ cd docker-registry
$ sudo python setup.py install
然后修改配置文件,主要修改 dev 模板段的 storage_path
到本地的存儲(chǔ)倉(cāng)庫(kù)的路徑。
$ cp config/config_sample.yml config/config.yml
之后啟動(dòng) Web 服務(wù)。
$ sudo gunicorn -c contrib/gunicorn.py docker_registry.wsgi:application
或者
$ sudo gunicorn --access-logfile - --error-logfile - -k gevent -b 0.0.0.0:5000 -w 4 --max-requests 100 docker_registry.wsgi:application
此時(shí)使用 curl 訪問本地的 5000 端口,看到輸出 docker-registry 的版本信息說明運(yùn)行成功。
*注:config/config_sample.yml
文件是示例配置文件。
創(chuàng)建好私有倉(cāng)庫(kù)之后,就可以使用 docker tag
來標(biāo)記一個(gè)鏡像,然后推送它到倉(cāng)庫(kù),別的機(jī)器上就可以下載下來了。例如私有倉(cāng)庫(kù)地址為 192.168.7.26:5000
。
先在本機(jī)查看已有的鏡像。
$ sudo docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
ubuntu latest ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
ubuntu 14.04 ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
使用docker tag
將 ba58
這個(gè)鏡像標(biāo)記為 192.168.7.26:5000/test
(格式為 docker tag IMAGE[:TAG] [REGISTRYHOST/][USERNAME/]NAME[:TAG]
)。
$ sudo docker tag ba58 192.168.7.26:5000/test
root ~ # docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
ubuntu 14.04 ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
ubuntu latest ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
192.168.7.26:5000/test latest ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
使用 docker push
上傳標(biāo)記的鏡像。
$ sudo docker push 192.168.7.26:5000/test
The push refers to a repository [192.168.7.26:5000/test] (len: 1)
Sending image list
Pushing repository 192.168.7.26:5000/test (1 tags)
Image 511136ea3c5a already pushed, skipping
Image 9bad880da3d2 already pushed, skipping
Image 25f11f5fb0cb already pushed, skipping
Image ebc34468f71d already pushed, skipping
Image 2318d26665ef already pushed, skipping
Image ba5877dc9bec already pushed, skipping
Pushing tag for rev [ba5877dc9bec] on {http://192.168.7.26:5000/v1/repositories/test/tags/latest}
用 curl 查看倉(cāng)庫(kù)中的鏡像。
$ curl http://192.168.7.26:5000/v1/search
{"num_results": 7, "query": "", "results": [{"description": "", "name": "library/miaxis_j2ee"}, {"description": "", "name": "library/tomcat"}, {"description": "", "name": "library/ubuntu"}, {"description": "", "name": "library/ubuntu_office"}, {"description": "", "name": "library/desktop_ubu"}, {"description": "", "name": "dockerfile/ubuntu"}, {"description": "", "name": "library/test"}]}
這里可以看到 {"description": "", "name": "library/test"}
,表明鏡像已經(jīng)被成功上傳了。
現(xiàn)在可以到另外一臺(tái)機(jī)器去下載這個(gè)鏡像。
$ sudo docker pull 192.168.7.26:5000/test
Pulling repository 192.168.7.26:5000/test
ba5877dc9bec: Download complete
511136ea3c5a: Download complete
9bad880da3d2: Download complete
25f11f5fb0cb: Download complete
ebc34468f71d: Download complete
2318d26665ef: Download complete
$ sudo docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
192.168.7.26:5000/test latest ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
可以使用 這個(gè)腳本 批量上傳本地的鏡像到注冊(cè)服務(wù)器中,默認(rèn)是本地注冊(cè)服務(wù)器 127.0.0.1:5000
。例如:
$ wget https://github.com/yeasy/docker_practice/raw/master/_local/push_images.sh; sudo chmod a+x push_images.sh
$ ./push_images.sh ubuntu:latest centos:centos7
The registry server is 127.0.0.1
Uploading ubuntu:latest...
The push refers to a repository [127.0.0.1:5000/ubuntu] (len: 1)
Sending image list
Pushing repository 127.0.0.1:5000/ubuntu (1 tags)
Image 511136ea3c5a already pushed, skipping
Image bfb8b5a2ad34 already pushed, skipping
Image c1f3bdbd8355 already pushed, skipping
Image 897578f527ae already pushed, skipping
Image 9387bcc9826e already pushed, skipping
Image 809ed259f845 already pushed, skipping
Image 96864a7d2df3 already pushed, skipping
Pushing tag for rev [96864a7d2df3] on {http://127.0.0.1:5000/v1/repositories/ubuntu/tags/latest}
Untagged: 127.0.0.1:5000/ubuntu:latest
Done
Uploading centos:centos7...
The push refers to a repository [127.0.0.1:5000/centos] (len: 1)
Sending image list
Pushing repository 127.0.0.1:5000/centos (1 tags)
Image 511136ea3c5a already pushed, skipping
34e94e67e63a: Image successfully pushed
70214e5d0a90: Image successfully pushed
Pushing tag for rev [70214e5d0a90] on {http://127.0.0.1:5000/v1/repositories/centos/tags/centos7}
Untagged: 127.0.0.1:5000/centos:centos7
Done
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